{"id":103502,"date":"2021-09-10T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-09-10T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docosan-blog.local\/blog\/uncategorized\/xet-nghiem-lao\/"},"modified":"2022-09-09T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-09-09T00:00:00","slug":"xet-nghiem-lao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/xet-nghiem\/xet-nghiem-lao\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V\u00ec sao c\u1ea7n n\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Lao? Lao l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/a> do vi khu\u1ea9n Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/em> g\u00e2y n\u00ean. B\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, trong \u0111\u00f3 lao ph\u1ed5i l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t (chi\u1ebfm 80 \u2013 85% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ca b\u1ec7nh) v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y ch\u00ednh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung quanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi ng\u1edd m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd th\u0103m kh\u00e1m ph\u1ed5i, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ch b\u1ea1ch huy\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ec7nh. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Docosan<\/a><\/strong> s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao hi\u1ec7n nay<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da (hay x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tuberculin Mantoux) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao. B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd ti\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lao t\u1ed1 ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi da \u1edf c\u1eb3ng tay. Ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 protein TB kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n quay l\u1ea1i 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"xet
T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f9ng Docosan<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 v\u1ebft s\u01b0ng c\u1ee9ng, n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1nh tay c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n TB (vi khu\u1ea9n lao<\/strong><\/a>). Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111ang \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n \u00e2m t\u00ednh, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi tr\u00f9ng lao trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n t\u1eebng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh th\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. V\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f4i khi b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh lao, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n lao m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n y\u1ebfu. Ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eam v\u1eafc xin tr\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n lao Calmette-Guerin (BCG).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u00e2m t\u00ednh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 hai sau m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c hai tu\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra th\u00eam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua m\u00e1u<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs). X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean lao – c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00e1ng th\u1ec3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua m\u00e1u, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i. X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da \u00e2m t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba BCG.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m vi tr\u00f9ng lao. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao kh\u00e1c<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea1n ch\u1ee5p X-quang ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o do b\u1ec7nh lao g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ebft \u0111\u1eddm ho\u1eb7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu ch\u1ea5t nh\u1ea7y ch\u1ea3y ra khi b\u1ea1n ho v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m vi khu\u1ea9n lao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ec7nh lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 vi khu\u1ea9n lao nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh lao cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai kh\u00e1c. D\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u duy nh\u1ea5t cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng lao l\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao qua da ho\u1eb7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee5p X-quang ph\u1ed5i \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm \u00e2m t\u00ednh. Kho\u1ea3ng 5% \u0111\u1ebfn 10% nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m lao ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi khu\u1ea9n lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh lao. C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n.<\/li>
  • S\u1ed1t.<\/li>
  • Ho khan.<\/li>
  • M\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf d\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee5p X-quang ph\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ki\u1ec3m tra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    B\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh lao \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00f4i khi, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, b\u1ec7nh lao s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n \u1edf l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m lao<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    • Trung t\u00e2m S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe Nam gi\u1edbi Men’s Health, Qu\u1eadn 10, TP.HCM<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n