{"id":104837,"date":"2022-03-28T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-03-28T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docosan-blog.local\/blog\/uncategorized\/thuc-khuan-the\/"},"modified":"2024-11-28T14:14:39","modified_gmt":"2024-11-28T07:14:39","slug":"thuc-khuan-the","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/truyen-nhiem\/thuc-khuan-the\/","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y khoa"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 virus c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00fd sinh \u1edf vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n. Hi\u1ec7n nay th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi trong y khoa. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng <a href=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/\">Docosan<\/a> t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 \u00edch xoay quanh th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 id=\"th\u1ef1c-khu\u1ea9n-th\u1ec3-la-gi\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/truyen-nhiem\/virus\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">virus<\/a> c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00fd sinh \u1edf vi khu\u1ea9n. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi bacteriophage, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Hy L\u1ea1p: bacterium (vi khu\u1ea9n) gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi \u03c6\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd (phagein ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0103n, nu\u1ed1t), \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 \u0103n vi khu\u1ea9n. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n hay th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u201cphage\u201d.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>N\u0103m 1896, nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t nghi v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/truyen-nhiem\/benh-ta\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea3<\/a>. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1915 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Frederick Twort, T\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Brown \u1edf London,nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 vi khu\u1ea9n, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft vi khu\u1ea9n. Trong c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i virus c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u00ean l\u00e0 do:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>M\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i enzyme s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh vi khu\u1ea9n<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i virus ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1917 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi tr\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ki\u1ebft l\u1ef5. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3. C\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i virus th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y. Gi\u1ea3i Nobel 1969 v\u1ec1 Sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 trao cho nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 sao ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a virus th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-49977\" src=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/the-thuc-khuan-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 id=\"d\u1eb7c-di\u1ec3m-c\u01a1-b\u1ea3n-c\u1ee7a-th\u1ef1c-khu\u1ea9n-th\u1ec3\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi protein l\u00e0 v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc ngo\u00e0i (capsid), m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 gen DNA ho\u1eb7c RNA, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1edfi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.\u00a0 B\u1ed9 gen c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 4 gen v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m gen. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m chung.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y khoa, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n n\u1ebfu t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ri\u00eang l\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i virus kh\u00e1c, th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt khi ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00fd sinh trong v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>V\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n (b\u1ed9 gen) c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n hay virus k\u00ed sinh vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ec9 mang m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i DNA ho\u1eb7c RNA, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi 2 lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y.<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 virus) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i m\u00e3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch m\u00e3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t di truy\u1ec1n.<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 di \u0111\u1ed9ng do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, ch\u00fang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 qua gi\u1ecdt b\u1eafn trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, trong d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c qua ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac va ch\u1ea1m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Ch\u01b0a ghi nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i virus n\u00e0y<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng sinh v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng trong h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. Th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 10<sup>31<\/sup> th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh, nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 sinh v\u1eadt n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi khu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, phong ph\u00fa. Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, quan s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c trong th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n nh\u00e2n l\u00ean khi nhi\u1ec5m vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>C\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u vi khu\u1ea9n k\u00fd ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 trong \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ee9a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i virus l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ee9a r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 70% vi khu\u1ea9n bi\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m virus. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ng sinh gi\u00fap ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7ng vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 3 nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i. D\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n phage T2) g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c; c\u1ed5; \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, cu\u1ed1i \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a g\u1ed1c v\u1edbi 6 s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i.<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i hay d\u1ea1ng que<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>ADN: c\u00f3 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 2 chu\u1ed7i xo\u1eafn v\u00e0o nhau, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 ADN m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i, nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ADN th\u00ec ch\u1ee9a ARN v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ARN m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Protein: v\u1ecf capsid \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n ph\u00e2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 capsome ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t protein.\u00a0\u00a0<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Enzyme: \u1edf \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i enzyme.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c (virulent) v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u00f4n ho\u00e0 (temperate), t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chu tr\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c: th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 sau khi nh\u00e2n l\u00ean trong vi khu\u1ea9n th\u00ec vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Phage \u00f4n h\u00f2a: sau khi x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t trong hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p:\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Theo c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>C\u00e1c ADN c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ADN c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n l\u00ean. Khi vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u00e2n l\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00e1c ADN c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean theo.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Khi \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd sinh v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n, th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n l\u00ean. S\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ra theo c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\r\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp: Mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean trong vi khu\u1ea9n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111u\u00f4i, m\u00e0ng vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ADN ch\u1ee9a trong \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sinh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n: Enzyme c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ADN c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ADN, ARN v\u00e0 protein c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 ngay t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ADN v\u00e0 protein v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ADN th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3.\u00a0<\/li>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<li>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng: \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i, l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi protein t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh v\u00e0o n\u00f3.<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-49978\" src=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/the-thuc-khuan-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<h2 id=\"ti\u1ec1m-nang-\u1ee9ng-d\u1ee5ng-th\u1ef1c-khu\u1ea9n-th\u1ec3-trong-y-khoa\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 trong y khoa<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n mang l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1eadn trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t <a href=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/truyen-nhiem\/vi-khuan\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vi khu\u1ea9n<\/a> g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 v\u00e0 1930 (th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chi\u1ebfn tranh). Tuy nhi\u00ean \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 virus n\u00e0y. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng sinh, d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i virus k\u00ed sinh n\u00e0y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Nga v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Bacteriophages \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean trong v\u00e0i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong y khoa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb tuy nhi\u00ean ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n trong y h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111ang b\u1ecf ng\u1ecf. Hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i virus c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0o t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi khu\u1ea9n \u0111ang g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i virus ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec1 ra trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Virus l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em \u0111i nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed9n th\u00e0nh h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng b\u00f4i l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng \u1edf b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tham gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p d\u1ecbch l\u1ecfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 k\u00e8m theo c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c sau khi b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 trong v\u00f2ng 3 n\u0103m theo d\u00f5i sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Qua \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong y h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai khi m\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u00e8m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 virus c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n, s\u1ed1ng k\u00fd sinh v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n r\u1ed3i ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u00f3. M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tan v\u1ee1 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh hi\u1ec7n nay. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a y h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00f2n gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do th\u00f3i quen s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-49979\" style=\"width: 700px; height: 466px;\" src=\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/the-thuc-khuan-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n<p id=\"block-a7668cda-7369-4a19-947b-3300f17f3f99\">C\u1ea3m \u01a1n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cTh\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y khoa\u201d. S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m h\u1ecfi. Hy v\u1ecdng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 \u00edch v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 virus n\u00e0y.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<div id=\"rank-math-faq\" class=\"rank-math-block\">\n<div class=\"rank-math-list \">\n<div id=\"faq-question-1696172224364\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 virus c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00fd sinh \u1edf vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n. Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean khi k\u00fd sinh v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111u\u00f4i, m\u00e0ng vi khu\u1ea9n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ee7y ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 ADN ch\u1ee9a trong \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01a1m v\u00e0o trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n. <br \/>Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ADN, ARN v\u00e0 protein c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 ngay t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ADN v\u00e0 protein v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ADN th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3, ch\u00fang t\u1ef1 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i, l\u1eafp gh\u00e9p v\u1edbi protein t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 vi khu\u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a n\u00f3. C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh v\u00e0o n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1696172257878\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i virus ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng vi khu\u1ea9n, n\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng k\u00fd sinh v\u00e0o c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m tan r\u00e3 vi khu\u1ea9n. Lo\u1ea1i virus n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"faq-question-1696172274426\" class=\"rank-math-list-item\">\n<h3 class=\"rank-math-question \"><strong>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i?<\/strong><\/h3>\n<div class=\"rank-math-answer \">\n\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh 3 nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh:\u00a0<br \/>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i<br \/>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u00ecnh kh\u1ed1i c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i. D\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i (ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n phage T2) g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh l\u1ee5c gi\u00e1c; c\u1ed5; \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng h\u00ecnh tr\u1ee5, cu\u1ed1i \u0111u\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a g\u1ed1c v\u1edbi 6 s\u1ee3i l\u00f4ng \u0111u\u00f4i.<br \/>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1ea1ng s\u1ee3i hay d\u1ea1ng que<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p id=\"block-60187254-e1b3-480a-8df0-81e8278360e2\"><em>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o t\u1eeb b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Docosan Team khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n h\u00e3y t\u00ecm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch h\u1eb9n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n<hr id=\"block-1bcbd8c2-1b99-43c1-9aed-c7834cd8f928\" class=\"wp-block-separator\" \/>\r\n\r\n\r\n<p><strong><em>Ngu\u1ed3n tham kh\u1ea3o:\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em><strong>CDC<\/strong><\/em><\/a><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 virus c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u00fd sinh \u1edf vi khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t vi khu\u1ea9n. Hi\u1ec7n nay th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi trong y khoa. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng Docosan t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ed5 \u00edch xoay quanh th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c khu\u1ea9n trong [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":95242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-104837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-truyen-nhiem"],"acf":[],"featured_image_src":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/the-thuc-khuan-4-600x400.jpg","featured_image_src_square":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/the-thuc-khuan-4-600x533.jpg","author_info":{"display_name":"D\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129, Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Thanh T\u00fa","author_link":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/author\/tunguyen\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104837"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":148719,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104837\/revisions\/148719"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/95242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}