{"id":105417,"date":"2022-07-09T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-07-09T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/docosan-blog.local\/blog\/uncategorized\/tac-nhan-gay-ra-benh-sot-xuat-huyet\/"},"modified":"2024-10-28T13:44:42","modified_gmt":"2024-10-28T06:44:42","slug":"tac-nhan-gay-ra-benh-sot-xuat-huyet","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/truyen-nhiem\/tac-nhan-gay-ra-benh-sot-xuat-huyet\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh?"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

Nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng\u00a0Docosan<\/a>\u00a0t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/strong><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

S\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh g\u00ec?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

S\u1ed1t do Dengue l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m<\/strong><\/a> g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi virus v\u1edbi trung gian l\u00e0 mu\u1ed7i truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft<\/strong><\/a>. Nhi\u1ec5m virus Dengue c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf t\u1eebng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3. S\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec5m c\u00fam n\u1eb7ng, \u0111\u00f4i khi g\u00e2y ra bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m t\u1eed vong. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 30 l\u1ea7n trong su\u1ed1t 50 n\u0103m qua. Theo m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 50-100 tri\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh \u1edf h\u01a1n 100 qu\u1ed1c gia khi\u1ebfn cho g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Dengue ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh \u1edf v\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi. B\u1ec7nh x\u1ea3y ra quanh n\u0103m, th\u01b0\u1eddng gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0o m\u00f9a m\u01b0a do mu\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y. B\u1ec7nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn. V\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft – virus Dengue li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn trung gian truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 mu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n l\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

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T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft l\u00e0 virus Dengue<\/figcaption>\r\n<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

S\u1ed1t Dengue (Dengue fever) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u. V\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18 v\u00e0 19, khi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vector truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh (mu\u1ed7i Aedes aegypti). C\u1ea3 mu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 virus – nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan sang c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra d\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

D\u1ecbch b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vaccine ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng virus \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o cho Dengue; c\u00e1ch ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ed1t Dengue \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t vector truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh – mu\u1ed7i Aedes aegypti.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

B\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn d\u1ecbch s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i Philippines v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m n\u00e0y lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 Latin. S\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\"\"<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft<\/strong><\/a> l\u00e0 virus Dengue, thu\u1ed9c chi Flavivirus, h\u1ecd Flaviviridae, mang \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Arbovirus (Arthropod born virus). Virus Dengue l\u00e0 virus RNA c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng 40-60nm, h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ea7u. B\u00ean trong c\u00f3 v\u1ecf capsid bao quanh acid nucleic t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nucleocapsid.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp v\u1ecf lipid k\u00e9p, l\u1edbp lipid k\u00e9p ch\u1ee9a glycoprotein v\u00e0 protein c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb m\u00e0ng sinh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. Virus b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 b\u1edfi tia c\u1ef1c t\u00edm, b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u1edf 600 \u0111\u1ed9 C trong 30 ph\u00fat ho\u1eb7c 40 \u0111\u1ed9 C trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. C\u00e1c protein E v\u00e0 M g\u1eafn v\u00e0o virus xuy\u00ean qua l\u1edbp lipid k\u00e9p. Nh\u1eefng protein n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a virus ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue c\u00f3 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u1ed5 th\u1ec3, trung h\u00f2a v\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta chia virus Dengue ra l\u00e0m 4 lo\u1ea1i huy\u1ebft thanh kh\u00e1c nhau (DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 v\u00e0 DEN-4).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\"\"<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 4 t\u00fdp Dengue c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean chung, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0ng k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00fdp kh\u00e1c nhau. M\u1ed7i t\u00fdp huy\u1ebft thanh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ec3u gen kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c t\u00fdp huy\u1ebft thanh c\u1ee7a virus dengue c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i di truy\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u gen DEN-2 v\u00e0 DEN-3 th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean quan m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng trong b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft th\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec5m (secondary infection). C\u1ea3 4 t\u00fdp huy\u1ebft thanh c\u1ee7a virus \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh thu\u1ed9c khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00eda Nam th\u00ec huy\u1ebft thanh DEN-1 v\u00e0 DEN-2 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Ngo\u00e0i mu\u1ed7i, t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n b\u1edfi ti\u00eam ch\u00edch. \u1ede nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh, t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ca c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng trong nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u00ec mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i cao cao, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e2y truy\u1ec1n do truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ca nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\"\"<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft<\/h2>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Mu\u1ed7i Aedes ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i. Mu\u1ed7i Aedes th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eadu \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i t\u1ed1i trong nh\u00e0. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 mu\u1ed7i c\u00e1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft. C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed7i n\u00e0y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 vaccine d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng. Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trung gian truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1nh mu\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1t, gi\u0103ng m\u00f9ng khi ng\u1ee7, di\u1ec7t l\u0103ng qu\u0103ng – b\u1ecd g\u1eady, di\u1ec7t mu\u1ed7i, v\u1ec7 sinh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u1ed5 ch\u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecdng trong khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

\"\"<\/figure>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

T\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft Dengue l\u00e0 virus Dengue, c\u00f3 trung gian truy\u1ec1n b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 mu\u1ed7i Aedes. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, do \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft gi\u00fap ng\u1eeba b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy c\u01a1 t\u00e1i m\u1eafc.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1eddi b\u1ea1n tham kh\u1ea3o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/span> X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 – Fastep<\/span><\/a><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n