{"id":126176,"date":"2024-09-04T11:04:24","date_gmt":"2024-09-04T04:04:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/?p=126176"},"modified":"2024-09-06T13:19:24","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T06:19:24","slug":"chi-so-hct-la-gi-quy-trinh-kiem-tra","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/huyet-hoc\/chi-so-hct-la-gi-quy-trinh-kiem-tra\/","title":{"rendered":"Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT (hematocrit) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1\u00a0 trong m\u00e1u l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e9!<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\r\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT (hematocrit) gi\u00fap \u0111o t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 trong m\u00e1u. Trong c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta, h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n oxy \u0111i kh\u1eafp c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 \u00edt ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec3m cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi th\u1ec3 t\u00edch m\u00e1u, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng cao.<\/p>\r\n

M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT<\/h2>\r\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT trong m\u00e1u th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong b\u1ed9 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c m\u00e1u to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n hay t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i vi. Hi\u1ec7n nay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ebfm laser. Ngo\u00e0i ra trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1c gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch do s\u1ed1t xu\u1ea5t huy\u1ebft<\/a>, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT ngay t\u1ea1i gi\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c m\u00e1u, theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u trong m\u00e1u l\u00e0 cao hay th\u1ea5p. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u<\/a> l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t m\u00e1u c\u1ea5p, thi\u1ebfu vitamin v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t,… Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT t\u0103ng cao ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u trong m\u00e1u t\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3nh \u0111a h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u, b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd tim m\u1ea1ch<\/a>, h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\r\n

\"Ch\u1ec9
Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u, thi\u1ebfu d\u1ecbch<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT<\/h2>\r\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ki\u1ec3m tra<\/h3>\r\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e1u, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p cho b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd, thu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1eddi gian g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u00ean nh\u1ecbn \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau, ri\u00eang v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khi n\u00e0o. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ea5c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c khuya v\u00e0 h\u00e3y nh\u1edb l\u01b0u \u00fd u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3, gi\u1eef s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c lo l\u1eafng, r\u1ee5t tay g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m l\u1ec7ch kim g\u00e2y ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u.<\/p>\r\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/h3>\r\n

Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u s\u1ebd bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y cao su chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y h\u01a1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u s\u1ebd l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch v\u00f9ng da \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u. Ti\u1ebfp theo, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kim \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1ed3n v\u00e0o trong t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch. L\u00fac n\u00e0y b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111au nh\u1eb9. Sau khi thu nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u r\u00fat kim, g\u1eedi m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 5 ph\u00fat.<\/p>\r\n

Sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra HCT<\/h3>\r\n

Sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra HCT, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c nhau cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\r\n

\"Quy
Quy tr\u00ecnh l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00f4 khu\u1ea9n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\r\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT (Hematocrit) trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e1u b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, ch\u00fang c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 HCT \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\r\n