{"id":126552,"date":"2024-09-01T23:33:57","date_gmt":"2024-09-01T16:33:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/?p=126552"},"modified":"2024-09-06T13:18:43","modified_gmt":"2024-09-06T06:18:43","slug":"xet-nghiem-tan-mau-bam-sinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/huyet-hoc\/xet-nghiem-tan-mau-bam-sinh\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh (Thalassemia) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? V\u00ec sao c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Thalassemia (tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh) l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n theo gen l\u1eb7n t\u1eeb b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 sang con c\u00e1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u. C\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y.<\/em><\/p>\r\n

Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh (thalassemia) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n

Thalassemia<\/a> (tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh) l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n l\u1eb7n tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc th\u1ec3, x\u1ea3y ra do s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p chu\u1ed7i globin c\u1ee7a ph\u00e2n t\u1eed hemoglobin. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh di truy\u1ec1n huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Theo Vi\u1ec7n huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc – truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 12 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang gen b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n do Thalassemia g\u00e2y ra khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1u<\/a>. T\u00f9y theo chu\u1ed7i globin b\u1ecb khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh th\u00e0nh \u03b1-thalassemia v\u00e0 \u03b2-thalassemia. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh thalassemia th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u<\/a> su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t, ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, suy gan<\/a>, suy tim<\/a>, suy tuy\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i ti\u1ebft,…<\/p>\r\n

\"R\u1ed1i
R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n do Thalassemia g\u00e2y ra khi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ed3ng c\u1ea7u b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh?<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n

Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 20.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh thalassemia th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n m\u00e1u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng 8.000 tr\u1ebb em m\u1eafc thalassemia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 2.000 tr\u1ebb em th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 800 tr\u1ebb m\u1ea5t do ph\u00f9 thai. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb trung b\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n thalassemia th\u1ec3 n\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n kho\u1ea3ng 500 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1eeb khi sinh ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 30 tu\u1ed5i. Thalassemia \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang l\u00e0 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t cho c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn gia \u0111\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f2i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thalassemia ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t gen b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\r\n

\"C\u00f3
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m so\u00e1t gen b\u1ec7nh thalassemia ngay t\u1eeb khi c\u00f2n trong b\u00e0o thai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\r\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/h2>\r\n

Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u0111ang m\u1eafc thalassemia hay kh\u00f4ng. Tr\u00ean l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\r\n

X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ebf b\u00e0o m\u00e1u ngo\u1ea1i vi<\/strong><\/h3>\r\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m s\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang gen tan m\u00e1u b\u1ea9m sinh. C\u00e1c x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\r\n