Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h3>\n![\"Vi\u00eam](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-1.jpg\")
Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nVi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/a> l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i. \u1ede tr\u1ebb em, b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do virus g\u00e2y ra, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 virus c\u00fam<\/a>, RSV (virus h\u1ee3p b\u00e0o h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p), adenovirus<\/a>. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 Mycoplasma pneumoniae ho\u1eb7c Streptococcus pneumoniae c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\nVi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh, vi\u00eam ti\u1ec3u ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i<\/a> do c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u00e2y h\u1eaft h\u01a1i, s\u1ed5 m\u0169i nh\u1eb9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8 hay kh\u00f3 th\u1edf.<\/p>\nVi\u00eam ti\u1ec3u ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/a> n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo s\u1ed1t cao v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\nTri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb<\/h3>\n![\"B\u1ed1](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-2.jpg\")
B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 \u1edf tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u1eb7ng.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nC\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn hai tu\u1ea7n, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n
\n- Ho khan ho\u1eb7c ho c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddm,<\/a> k\u00e9o d\u00e0i dai d\u1eb3ng.<\/li>\n
- Ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u0169i, ngh\u1eb9t m\u0169i.<\/li>\n
- S\u1ed1t nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ed1t cao (t\u00f9y theo nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n virus hay vi khu\u1ea9n).<\/li>\n
- Th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nghe ti\u1ebfng r\u00edt khi th\u1edf ra.<\/li>\n
- Tr\u1ebb qu\u1ea5y kh\u00f3c, bi\u1ebfng \u0103n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 \u1edf tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u1eb7ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu trong l\u00fac d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ngay:<\/p>\n
\n- Tr\u1ebb th\u1edf nhanh, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, t\u00edm t\u00e1i m\u00f4i ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00f3n tay.<\/li>\n
- Ho d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, n\u00f4n \u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/li>\n
- S\u1ed1t cao li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean 39\u00b0C, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1 s\u1ed1t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/h2>\n![\"Thu\u1ed1c](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-13.jpg\")
Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nThu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd g\u00e2y co th\u1eaft ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, hen suy\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u00e3n t\u00ednh<\/a> (COPD).<\/p>\n\u1ede tr\u1ebb em, khi vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1, ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n
\n- Ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn beta-2 (\u03b22-agonists): V\u1edbi c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 beta-2 adrenergic tr\u00ean c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n
- Thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng cholinergic: C\u00f9ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 muscarinic c\u1ee7a acetylcholine, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m co th\u1eaft ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y.<\/li>\n
- Nh\u00f3m methylxanthine: C\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf enzym phosphodiesterase, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 cAMP trong t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, gi\u00fap gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
T\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec7nh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i sao thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n?<\/h2>\n![\"Vi\u00eam](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-4.jpg\")
Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng do virus g\u00e2y ra.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nVi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng do virus g\u00e2y ra, l\u00e0m vi\u00eam v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi th\u1edf ra. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng co th\u1eaft<\/a>, l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\nThu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/a> \u1edf tr\u1ebb em c\u0103n nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\nC\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n?<\/h3>\n
M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n
\n- Tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed hen suy\u1ec5n<\/a> ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb co th\u1eaft ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n khi nhi\u1ec5m virus.<\/li>\n
- Tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8 r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf do co th\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf.<\/li>\n
- Khi b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f9ng th\u1eed thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Khi n\u00e0o thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n?<\/h3>\n![\"Kh\u00f4ng](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-5.jpg\")
Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nM\u1eb7c d\u00f9 thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0:<\/p>\n
\n- Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u1ebfu nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 th\u1edf l\u00e0 do d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y l\u00e0m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, thay v\u00ec do co th\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, thu\u1ed1c long \u0111\u1eddm<\/a> v\u00e0 h\u00fat m\u0169i s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n
- L\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh<\/a>, run tay, lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t ng\u1ee7.<\/li>\n
- Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u00fd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129\u00a0v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che l\u1ea5p tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/h2>\nTu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/h3>\n
Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129, bao g\u1ed3m li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng. D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy c\u01a1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, cha m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u00fd mua v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t sao ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb khi d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c<\/h3>\n
Sau khi tr\u1ebb d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c, cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, d\u1ec5 th\u1edf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 nh\u1ecbp tim nhanh, run tay, k\u00edch th\u00edch, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n,\u2026<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o, c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c ngay v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1eed tr\u00ed k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/h3>\n![\"Vi\u1ec7c](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-6.jpg\")
Tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec1u v\u00e0 bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ea5p thu t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nM\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u00edt, v\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec1u (MDI) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m (spacer) l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb h\u1ea5p thu thu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u00edt thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n l\u1eafc b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, g\u1eafn v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 (ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng ng\u1eadm) v\u1eeba kh\u00edt mi\u1ec7ng tr\u1ebb. Khi x\u1ecbt thu\u1ed1c, gi\u1eef y\u00ean bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb h\u00edt th\u1edf ch\u1eadm, s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 4\u20136 nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ebb qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, m\u00e1y kh\u00ed dung (nebulizer) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecbn. Cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n
N\u00ean ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n khi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 sau v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u khi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c hay gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129, tr\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 \u00fd ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, co gi\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng<\/a>, c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ebb \u0111i kh\u00e1m ngay.<\/p>\nC\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb em<\/h2>\nNh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eafn<\/h3>\n![\"Nh\u00f3m](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/thuoc-gian-phe-quan-cho-tre-em-7-1.jpg\")
Nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1ea5t<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 th\u1edf h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n
\n- Salbutamol (Ventolin)<\/li>\n
- Terbutaline<\/li>\n
- Fenoterol<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec1u (MDI), dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00ed dung ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt k\u00e8m bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m (spacer) ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y kh\u00ed dung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, run tay, k\u00edch th\u00edch, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n. N\u1ebfu l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng sai c\u00e1ch, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nh\u1eddn thu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng Cholinergic<\/h3>\n
Ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 muscarinic, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m co th\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf.<\/p>\n
So v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2, thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 muscarinic c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch tim m\u1ea1ch, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c khi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed dung ho\u1eb7c b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Salbutamol \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00f3m Methylxanthine<\/h3>\n
Theophylline l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf enzym phosphodiesterase, gi\u00fap gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean, theophylline hi\u1ec7n nay \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb em do t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c cao. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed co gi\u1eadt khi qu\u00e1 li\u1ec1u. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u1edbi th\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion e air Card Plus<\/h2>\n
Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng do virus, vi khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng trong l\u00e0nh, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, vi khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n![\"Th\u1ebb](\"https:\/\/www.docosan.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/the-loc-khong-khi-khu-mui-card-plus-1.jpg\")
Th\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion e Air Card Plus gi\u00fap l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u1eed m\u00f9i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\nTh\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion e Air Card Plus<\/strong> <\/a>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u1eed m\u00f9i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ion ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf vi khu\u1ea9n, virus trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n cho b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion air Card Plus:<\/p>\n
\n- Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n pin hay \u0111i\u1ec7n:<\/strong> Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi l\u00fac m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/li>\n
- Th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 3 n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/li>\n
- Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn:<\/strong> D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng mang theo trong m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n
- An to\u00e0n cho m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u1ea3 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\nThu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh. Kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n, trong khi thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb th\u1edf d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi b\u1ecb co th\u1eaft ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n d\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1ng cho tr\u1ebb em kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n d\u1ea1ng h\u00edt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhanh v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n. D\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1ng \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n do h\u1ea5p thu ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n
B\u00e9 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u1ecfi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n
Ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, c\u00f2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb?<\/h3>\n
Ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ebb h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho tr\u1ebb ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, gi\u1eef \u1ea5m, u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddm. Kh\u00ed dung n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i sinh l\u00fd, h\u00fat m\u0169i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf. Khi ng\u1ee7, n\u00ean k\u00ea cao \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ho v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf ban \u0111\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
Xem th\u00eam\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- B\u1ec7nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n: \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/a><\/li>\n
- Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb<\/a><\/li>\n
- Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho con b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean chia s\u1ebb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho b\u00e9 y\u00eau, v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i Docosan \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u00e9!<\/em><\/p>\nT\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n1. Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis for infants with first-time wheezing<\/p>\n
Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/a> l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00ed ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i. \u1ede tr\u1ebb em, b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do virus g\u00e2y ra, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 virus c\u00fam<\/a>, RSV (virus h\u1ee3p b\u00e0o h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p), adenovirus<\/a>. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi khu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 Mycoplasma pneumoniae ho\u1eb7c Streptococcus pneumoniae c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh, vi\u00eam ti\u1ec3u ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i<\/a> do c\u00f3 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu g\u00e2y h\u1eaft h\u01a1i, s\u1ed5 m\u0169i nh\u1eb9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8 hay kh\u00f3 th\u1edf.<\/p>\n Vi\u00eam ti\u1ec3u ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf tr\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi 2 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n suy h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p<\/a> n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, vi\u00eam ph\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e8m theo s\u1ed1t cao v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn hai tu\u1ea7n, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Do \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 \u1edf tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u0103m kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf n\u1eb7ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, n\u1ebfu trong l\u00fac d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n sau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ngay:<\/p>\n Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd g\u00e2y co th\u1eaft ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, hen suy\u1ec5n ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn m\u00e3n t\u00ednh<\/a> (COPD).<\/p>\n \u1ede tr\u1ebb em, khi vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1, ti\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p, gi\u00fap l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00ed. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n T\u00f9y v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec7nh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng do virus g\u00e2y ra, l\u00e0m vi\u00eam v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u00edch ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng ti\u1ebft d\u1ecbch nh\u1ea7y v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 n\u1ec1. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, kh\u00f3 th\u1edf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi th\u1edf ra. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng co th\u1eaft<\/a>, l\u00e0m c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/a> \u1edf tr\u1ebb em c\u0103n nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0u \u00fd khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em l\u00e0:<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129, bao g\u1ed3m li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng. D\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy c\u01a1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, cha m\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ef1 \u00fd mua v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Sau khi tr\u1ebb d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c, cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8, d\u1ec5 th\u1edf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 nh\u1ecbp tim nhanh, run tay, k\u00edch th\u00edch, bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n,\u2026<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o, c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c ngay v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u1eed tr\u00ed k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u00edt, v\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec1u (MDI) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m (spacer) l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb h\u1ea5p thu thu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u00edt thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n l\u1eafc b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, g\u1eafn v\u00e0o bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1 (ho\u1eb7c \u1ed1ng ng\u1eadm) v\u1eeba kh\u00edt mi\u1ec7ng tr\u1ebb. Khi x\u1ecbt thu\u1ed1c, gi\u1eef y\u00ean bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb h\u00edt th\u1edf ch\u1eadm, s\u00e2u t\u1eeb 4\u20136 nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ebb qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, m\u00e1y kh\u00ed dung (nebulizer) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a thu\u1ed1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ecbn. Cha m\u1eb9 c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n N\u00ean ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n khi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 sau v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u khi tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c hay gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i theo ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129, tr\u00e1nh t\u1ef1 \u00fd ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, co gi\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng<\/a>, c\u1ea7n ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a tr\u1ebb \u0111i kh\u00e1m ngay.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb d\u1ec5 th\u1edf h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec1u (MDI), dung d\u1ecbch kh\u00ed dung ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf, b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt k\u00e8m bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7m (spacer) ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y kh\u00ed dung \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, run tay, k\u00edch th\u00edch, b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n. N\u1ebfu l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng sai c\u00e1ch, tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nh\u1eddn thu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n Ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent), c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 muscarinic, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m co th\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf.<\/p>\n So v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2, thu\u1ed1c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 muscarinic c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y k\u00edch th\u00edch tim m\u1ea1ch, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb trong c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ho\u1eb7c khi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2.<\/p>\n Nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed dung ho\u1eb7c b\u00ecnh x\u1ecbt, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Salbutamol \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n Theophylline l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf enzym phosphodiesterase, gi\u00fap gi\u00e3n c\u01a1 tr\u01a1n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n Tuy nhi\u00ean, theophylline hi\u1ec7n nay \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb em do t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c cao. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m bu\u1ed3n n\u00f4n, tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed co gi\u1eadt khi qu\u00e1 li\u1ec1u. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, khi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 theo d\u00f5i ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n Vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb em th\u01b0\u1eddng do virus, vi khu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed g\u00e2y ra. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng trong l\u00e0nh, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi b\u1ee5i b\u1ea9n, vi khu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion e Air Card Plus<\/strong> <\/a>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00fap l\u1ecdc s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, kh\u1eed m\u00f9i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ion ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf vi khu\u1ea9n, virus trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi trung h\u00f2a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y m\u00f9i kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, t\u1ea1o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n cho b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion air Card Plus:<\/p>\n Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng sinh. Kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m khu\u1ea9n, trong khi thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf, gi\u00fap tr\u1ebb th\u1edf d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi b\u1ecb co th\u1eaft ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n d\u1ea1ng h\u00edt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nhanh v\u00e0 \u00edt g\u00e2y t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n. D\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1ng \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n do h\u1ea5p thu ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh, k\u00edch th\u00edch th\u1ea7n kinh.<\/p>\n Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 kh\u1ecfi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc n\u1ebfu tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1edf kh\u00f2 kh\u00e8 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f3 th\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, cha m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ebb h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho tr\u1ebb ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, gi\u1eef \u1ea5m, u\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u00e3ng \u0111\u1eddm. Kh\u00ed dung n\u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1i sinh l\u00fd, h\u00fat m\u0169i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1edf. Khi ng\u1ee7, n\u00ean k\u00ea cao \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ho v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 th\u1edf ban \u0111\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho con b\u1ea1n, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 chuy\u00ean khoa. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean chia s\u1ebb b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho b\u00e9 y\u00eau, v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i Docosan \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf h\u1eefu \u00edch nh\u00e9!<\/em><\/p>\n T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n 1. Bronchodilators for bronchiolitis for infants with first-time wheezing<\/p>\nTri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u1edf tr\u1ebb<\/h3>\n
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Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/h2>\n
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T\u1ea1i sao thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n?<\/h2>\n
C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n?<\/h3>\n
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Khi n\u00e0o thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n?<\/h3>\n
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L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb em b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/h2>\n
Tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129<\/h3>\n
Theo d\u00f5i s\u00e1t sao ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb khi d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c<\/h3>\n
S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/h3>\n
Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ng\u1eebng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n
C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ebb em<\/h2>\n
Nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadn Beta-2 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u1eafn<\/h3>\n
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Nh\u00f3m thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng Cholinergic<\/h3>\n
Nh\u00f3m Methylxanthine<\/h3>\n
Ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n v\u1edbi th\u1ebb l\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed – kh\u1eed m\u00f9i ion e air Card Plus<\/h2>\n
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C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u00ean quan<\/h2>\n
Thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n d\u1ea1ng u\u1ed1ng cho tr\u1ebb em kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
B\u00e9 b\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n nh\u1eb9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng?<\/h3>\n
Ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ed1c gi\u00e3n ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n, c\u00f2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n cho tr\u1ebb?<\/h3>\n
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